#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""跨平台媒体播放器（Windows / Linux / macOS）。

基于 tkinter；播放内核按优先级为：VLC（python-vlc）、纯 Python 解码
（PyAV + sounddevice，无需安装任何外部软件）、pygame 音频回退。

用法：
    python media_player.py [媒体文件或文件夹...]

常用快捷键：
    Space        播放 / 暂停
    ←  /  →      后退 / 前进 10 秒
    Shift+← / →  后退 / 前进 60 秒
    ↑  /  ↓      音量 +5 / -5
    M            静音 / 恢复
    Ctrl+← / →   上一首 / 下一首（macOS 也支持 Command+← / →）
    N / P        下一首 / 上一首
    [  /  ]      减速 / 加速（0.5x - 2.0x）
    L            切换循环模式（关 / 单曲 / 列表）
    F            视频全屏切换
    Esc          退出全屏
    Ctrl+O       打开文件（macOS 也支持 Command+O）
    Delete       从播放列表移除所选曲目
    Enter        播放列表中选中的曲目
"""

import collections
import json
import os
import queue
import sys
import threading
import time
from pathlib import Path

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, messagebox, ttk

try:
    from PIL import Image as PILImage, ImageTk
except ImportError:
    PILImage = ImageTk = None

try:
    import vlc
except Exception:
    vlc = None

try:
    import pygame
except ImportError:
    pygame = None

IS_MAC = sys.platform == "darwin"
IS_WIN = sys.platform == "win32"
IS_LINUX = sys.platform.startswith("linux")

AUDIO_EXTS = {
    ".mp3", ".wav", ".ogg", ".flac", ".m4a", ".aac",
    ".opus", ".wma", ".aiff", ".ape",
}
VIDEO_EXTS = {
    ".mp4", ".mkv", ".avi", ".mov", ".wmv", ".flv",
    ".webm", ".m4v", ".ts", ".mpg", ".mpeg", ".3gp",
}
SUPPORTED_EXTS = AUDIO_EXTS | VIDEO_EXTS

LOOP_LABELS = {"off": "循环: 关", "one": "循环: 单曲", "list": "循环: 列表"}
SPEED_PRESETS = [0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0]
SEEK_STEP = 10
SEEK_STEP_BIG = 60


def fmt_time(ms):
    """把毫秒格式化为 mm:ss 或 h:mm:ss。"""
    if ms is None or ms < 0:
        return "--:--"
    total = int(ms // 1000)
    hours, remainder = divmod(total, 3600)
    minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 60)
    if hours:
        return f"{hours}:{minutes:02d}:{seconds:02d}"
    return f"{minutes:02d}:{seconds:02d}"


class _BaseEngine:
    """播放内核统一接口。"""

    EMBEDDABLE = False
    supports_rate = True

    def __init__(self):
        self._events = queue.Queue()

    def play(self, path):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def toggle_pause(self):
        pass

    def stop(self):
        pass

    def seek(self, ms):
        return False

    def get_time(self):
        return -1

    def get_length(self):
        return -1

    def is_active(self):
        return False

    def is_playing(self):
        return False

    def set_volume(self, volume):
        pass

    def set_rate(self, rate):
        pass

    def set_fullscreen(self, on):
        pass

    def embed(self, window_id):
        return False

    def get_frame(self):
        """返回当前应显示的帧（PIL 图像），没有新帧时返回 None。"""
        return None

    def poll_events(self):
        events = []
        while True:
            try:
                events.append(self._events.get_nowait())
            except queue.Empty:
                return events

    def release(self):
        pass


class VlcEngine(_BaseEngine):
    """基于 VLC 的内核：支持音视频、定位、变速与全屏。"""

    EMBEDDABLE = not IS_MAC

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        args = ["--no-video-title-show", "--quiet"]
        if IS_MAC:
            args.append("--vout=macosx")
        self.instance = vlc.Instance(args)
        self.player = self.instance.media_player_new()
        self._media = None
        self._rate = 1.0
        self._volume = 80
        manager = self.player.event_manager()
        manager.event_attach(vlc.EventType.MediaPlayerEndReached, self._on_event_end)
        manager.event_attach(vlc.EventType.MediaPlayerEncounteredError, self._on_event_error)

    def _on_event_end(self, _event):
        self._events.put("end")

    def _on_event_error(self, _event):
        self._events.put("error")

    def play(self, path):
        media = self.instance.media_new(str(path))
        self.player.set_media(media)
        self._media = media
        self.player.play()
        self.player.set_rate(self._rate)
        self.player.audio_set_volume(self._volume)
        return True

    def toggle_pause(self):
        if not self.is_active():
            return
        if self.is_playing():
            self.player.set_pause(1)
        else:
            self.player.set_pause(0)

    def stop(self):
        self.player.stop()
        self._media = None

    def seek(self, ms):
        if not self.is_active():
            return False
        self.player.set_time(max(int(ms), 0))
        return True

    def get_time(self):
        return self.player.get_time() if self.is_active() else -1

    def get_length(self):
        if not self.is_active():
            return -1
        length = self.player.get_length()
        return length if length > 0 else -1

    def is_active(self):
        return self._media is not None

    def is_playing(self):
        return bool(self.player.is_playing())

    def set_volume(self, volume):
        self._volume = max(0, min(100, int(volume)))
        self.player.audio_set_volume(self._volume)

    def set_rate(self, rate):
        self._rate = float(rate)
        self.player.set_rate(self._rate)

    def set_fullscreen(self, on):
        self.player.set_fullscreen(bool(on))

    def embed(self, window_id):
        if IS_WIN:
            self.player.set_hwnd(int(window_id))
        elif IS_LINUX:
            self.player.set_xwindow(int(window_id))
        return True

    def release(self):
        try:
            self.player.stop()
            self.player.release()
        except Exception:
            pass


class PygameEngine(_BaseEngine):
    """基于 pygame 的回退内核：无 VLC 时播放音频文件。"""

    EMBEDDABLE = False
    supports_rate = False

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        pygame.mixer.init()
        self._volume = 80
        self._paused = False
        self._started = False
        self._stopped = True
        self._pos = 0
        self._end_reported = False

    def play(self, path):
        self.stop()
        pygame.mixer.music.load(str(path))
        pygame.mixer.music.play()
        pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(self._volume / 100.0)
        self._started = True
        self._stopped = False
        self._paused = False
        self._pos = 0
        self._end_reported = False
        return True

    def toggle_pause(self):
        if self._stopped:
            return
        if self._paused:
            pygame.mixer.music.unpause()
            self._paused = False
        else:
            pygame.mixer.music.pause()
            self._paused = True

    def stop(self):
        pygame.mixer.music.stop()
        self._started = False
        self._stopped = True
        self._paused = False
        self._pos = 0

    def seek(self, ms):
        try:
            pygame.mixer.music.set_pos(max(ms, 0) / 1000.0)
            self._pos = max(ms, 0)
            return True
        except pygame.error:
            return False

    def get_time(self):
        if self._stopped:
            return -1
        if not self._paused and pygame.mixer.music.get_busy():
            pos = pygame.mixer.music.get_pos()
            if pos > 0:
                self._pos = pos
        return int(self._pos)

    def get_length(self):
        return -1

    def is_active(self):
        return self._started

    def is_playing(self):
        return self._started and not self._paused and pygame.mixer.music.get_busy()

    def set_volume(self, volume):
        self._volume = max(0, min(100, int(volume)))
        pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(self._volume / 100.0)

    def set_rate(self, rate):
        pass

    def set_fullscreen(self, on):
        pass

    def poll_events(self):
        events = super().poll_events()
        if (
            self._started
            and not self._paused
            and not self._stopped
            and not pygame.mixer.music.get_busy()
            and not self._end_reported
        ):
            self._end_reported = True
            events.append("end")
        return events

    def release(self):
        try:
            pygame.mixer.music.stop()
            pygame.mixer.quit()
        except Exception:
            pass


class AvEngine(_BaseEngine):
    """纯 Python 解码内核：基于 PyAV 与 sounddevice，无需安装 VLC。

    跨平台（Windows / macOS / Linux）可用：PyAV 自带 FFmpeg 解码能力，
    sounddevice 自带 PortAudio 音频输出，视频画面由主窗口负责绘制。
    """

    EMBEDDABLE = True
    supports_rate = False

    AUDIO_RATE = 44100

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        try:
            import av
            import numpy  # noqa: F401  to_ndarray 依赖
            import sounddevice as sd
            from PIL import Image  # noqa: F401
        except ImportError as exc:
            raise ImportError("缺少纯 Python 播放依赖（av / sounddevice / numpy / Pillow）：%s" % exc)
        self._av = av
        self._sd = sd
        self._lock = threading.Lock()
        self._reset_state()

    def _reset_state(self):
        self._container = None
        self._video_stream = None
        self._audio_stream = None
        self._video_deque = collections.deque()
        self._video_deque_max = 6
        self._audio_queue = queue.Queue(maxsize=64)
        self._audio_leftover = None
        self._audio_stream_obj = None
        self._audio_ok = False
        self._audio_broken = False
        self._audio_written = 0
        self._resampler = None
        self._thread = None
        self._stop_flag = threading.Event()
        self._seek_request = None
        self._gen = 0
        self._seek_after = 0.0
        self._eof = False
        self._ended = False
        self._paused = False
        self._volume = 80
        self._clock_base = 0.0
        self._clock_started = time.monotonic()
        self._clock_running = False

    def play(self, path):
        self.stop()
        container = self._av.open(str(path))
        self._container = container
        videos = [s for s in container.streams if s.type == "video"]
        if videos:
            from av.stream import Disposition

            self._video_stream = max(
                videos,
                key=lambda s: (0 if s.disposition & Disposition.attached_pic else 1, s.frames or 0),
            )
        else:
            self._video_stream = None
        self._audio_stream = next((s for s in container.streams if s.type == "audio"), None)
        self._gen += 1
        self._eof = False
        self._ended = False
        self._paused = False
        self._seek_after = 0.0
        self._resampler = None
        self._audio_ok = False
        self._audio_broken = False
        if self._audio_stream is not None:
            try:
                self._audio_stream_obj = self._sd.OutputStream(
                    samplerate=self.AUDIO_RATE,
                    channels=2,
                    dtype="float32",
                    callback=self._audio_callback,
                )
                self._audio_stream_obj.start()
                self._audio_ok = True
            except Exception:
                self._audio_stream_obj = None
        self._audio_written = 0
        self._clock_base = 0.0
        self._clock_started = time.monotonic()
        self._clock_running = self._audio_stream_obj is None
        self._stop_flag = threading.Event()
        self._thread = threading.Thread(target=self._decode_loop, daemon=True)
        self._thread.start()
        return True

    def toggle_pause(self):
        if not self.is_active() or self._ended:
            return
        self._paused = not self._paused
        if self._paused:
            if self._clock_running:
                self._clock_base = self._noaudio_pos()
            self._clock_running = False
        else:
            self._clock_started = time.monotonic()
            if self._audio_stream_obj is None:
                self._clock_running = True

    def stop(self):
        self._stop_flag.set()
        if self._thread is not None:
            self._thread.join(timeout=1.0)
        if self._audio_stream_obj is not None:
            try:
                self._audio_stream_obj.stop()
                self._audio_stream_obj.close()
            except Exception:
                pass
        if self._container is not None:
            try:
                self._container.close()
            except Exception:
                pass
        self._reset_state()

    def seek(self, ms):
        if not self.is_active():
            return False
        target = max(0.0, int(ms) / 1000.0)
        with self._lock:
            self._seek_request = target
            self._seek_after = target
            self._gen += 1
            self._video_deque.clear()
            self._drain_queue(self._audio_queue)
            self._audio_leftover = None
            self._audio_written = int(target * self.AUDIO_RATE)
        self._clock_base = target
        self._clock_started = time.monotonic()
        self._ended = False
        if self._audio_stream_obj is not None:
            try:
                self._audio_stream_obj.stop()
                self._audio_stream_obj.start()
            except Exception:
                pass
        if self._thread is None or not self._thread.is_alive():
            self._eof = False
            self._resampler = None
            self._stop_flag = threading.Event()
            self._thread = threading.Thread(target=self._decode_loop, daemon=True)
            self._thread.start()
        return True

    def get_time(self):
        if not self.is_active():
            return -1
        if self._audio_stream_obj is not None:
            with self._lock:
                return int(self._audio_written * 1000.0 / self.AUDIO_RATE)
        return int(self._noaudio_pos() * 1000.0)

    def _disable_audio(self, reason=""):
        """音频不可用时降级为无声播放，视频播放不受影响。"""
        stream = self._audio_stream_obj
        self._audio_stream_obj = None
        self._audio_ok = False
        self._audio_broken = False
        self._drain_queue(self._audio_queue)
        self._audio_leftover = None
        if stream is not None:
            try:
                stream.stop()
                stream.close()
            except Exception:
                pass
        with self._lock:
            self._clock_base = self._audio_written / self.AUDIO_RATE
        self._clock_started = time.monotonic()
        self._clock_running = not self._paused
        if reason:
            print("音频不可用，已切换为无声播放：", reason)

    def _noaudio_pos(self):
        if self._clock_running:
            return self._clock_base + (time.monotonic() - self._clock_started)
        return self._clock_base

    def get_length(self):
        if not self.is_active():
            return -1
        duration = self._container.duration
        if duration and duration > 0:
            return int(duration / 1000)
        return -1

    def is_active(self):
        return self._container is not None

    def is_playing(self):
        return self.is_active() and not self._paused and not self._ended

    def set_volume(self, volume):
        self._volume = max(0, min(100, int(volume)))

    def set_rate(self, rate):
        pass

    def set_fullscreen(self, on):
        pass

    def embed(self, window_id):
        return False

    def get_frame(self):
        if not self.is_active():
            return None
        pos = self.get_time() / 1000.0
        latest = None
        with self._lock:
            while self._video_deque:
                gen, secs, img = self._video_deque[0]
                if gen != self._gen:
                    self._video_deque.popleft()
                    continue
                if secs > pos + 0.05:
                    break
                latest = img
                self._video_deque.popleft()
        return latest

    def poll_events(self):
        events = super().poll_events()
        if self._audio_broken and self._audio_stream_obj is not None:
            self._disable_audio("音频回调异常")
        if not self._ended and self.is_active() and not self._paused and self._eof:
            with self._lock:
                video_done = not self._video_deque
                audio_done = (
                    self._audio_stream_obj is None
                    or (self._audio_queue.empty() and self._audio_leftover is None)
                )
            if video_done and audio_done:
                self._ended = True
                events.append("end")
        return events

    def release(self):
        self.stop()

    def _decode_loop(self):
        try:
            container = self._container
            video = self._video_stream
            audio = self._audio_stream
            streams = [s for s in (video, audio) if s is not None]
            demux = container.demux(*streams)
            while not self._stop_flag.is_set():
                if self._seek_request is not None:
                    with self._lock:
                        target = self._seek_request
                        self._seek_request = None
                    seek_stream = video if video is not None else audio
                    if seek_stream is not None:
                        offset = int(round(target / float(seek_stream.time_base)))
                        try:
                            container.seek(offset, stream=seek_stream)
                        except Exception:
                            pass
                    demux = container.demux(*streams)
                    self._resampler = None
                    continue
                gen = self._gen
                try:
                    packet = next(demux)
                except StopIteration:
                    self._eof = True
                    break
                except Exception:
                    self._eof = True
                    break
                if self._stop_flag.is_set():
                    break
                if packet.stream.type == "video" and video is not None and packet.size:
                    try:
                        frames = packet.decode()
                    except Exception:
                        continue
                    for frame in frames:
                        if self._stop_flag.is_set():
                            break
                        if frame.pts is None:
                            continue
                        secs = float(frame.pts * video.time_base)
                        if secs + 0.05 < self._seek_after:
                            continue
                        try:
                            img = frame.to_image()
                        except Exception:
                            continue
                        while not self._stop_flag.is_set():
                            with self._lock:
                                if len(self._video_deque) < self._video_deque_max:
                                    self._video_deque.append((gen, secs, img))
                                    break
                            time.sleep(0.005)
                elif packet.stream.type == "audio" and audio is not None and packet.size:
                    if not self._audio_ok:
                        continue
                    try:
                        self._decode_audio_packet(packet, gen)
                    except Exception as exc:
                        self._disable_audio("音频解码出错（%s）" % exc)
            if self._resampler is not None and not self._stop_flag.is_set():
                self._flush_resampler()
        except Exception as exc:
            self._eof = True
            print("解码线程异常退出：", exc)

    def _decode_audio_packet(self, packet, gen):
        try:
            frames = packet.decode()
        except Exception:
            return
        atb = self._audio_stream.time_base
        for frame in frames:
            if self._stop_flag.is_set():
                return
            if frame.pts is not None:
                secs = float(frame.pts * atb)
                if secs + 0.05 < self._seek_after:
                    continue
            if self._resampler is None:
                self._resampler = self._av.AudioResampler(
                    format="fltp", layout="stereo", rate=self.AUDIO_RATE
                )
            for out in self._resampler.resample(frame):
                try:
                    chunk = out.to_ndarray().T
                except Exception:
                    continue
                self._put_audio((gen, chunk))

    def _put_audio(self, item):
        while not self._stop_flag.is_set():
            try:
                self._audio_queue.put(item, timeout=0.1)
                return
            except queue.Full:
                if item[0] != self._gen:
                    return

    def _flush_resampler(self):
        try:
            for out in self._resampler.resample(None):
                self._put_audio((self._gen, out.to_ndarray().T))
        except Exception:
            pass

    def _audio_callback(self, outdata, frames, time_info, status):
        try:
            self._audio_callback_inner(outdata, frames)
        except Exception:
            self._audio_broken = True
            outdata[:] = 0

    def _audio_callback_inner(self, outdata, frames):
        if self._paused:
            outdata[:] = 0
            return
        outdata[:] = 0
        n = 0
        leftover = self._audio_leftover
        if leftover is not None and len(leftover):
            take = min(len(leftover), frames)
            outdata[:take] = leftover[:take]
            n = take
            self._audio_leftover = leftover[take:] if take < len(leftover) else None
        while n < frames:
            try:
                item = self._audio_queue.get_nowait()
            except queue.Empty:
                break
            gen, chunk = item
            if gen != self._gen:
                continue
            take = min(len(chunk), frames - n)
            outdata[n:n + take] = chunk[:take]
            n += take
            if take < len(chunk):
                self._audio_leftover = chunk[take:]
        outdata *= self._volume / 100.0
        with self._lock:
            self._audio_written += frames

    @staticmethod
    def _drain_queue(q):
        while True:
            try:
                q.get_nowait()
            except queue.Empty:
                return


class SeekBar(tk.Canvas):
    """自绘进度条：支持点击与拖动定位，跨平台表现一致。"""

    TRACK_COLOR = "#4a4a4a"
    FILL_COLOR = "#3f8efc"

    def __init__(self, master, height=24, command=None):
        super().__init__(
            master,
            height=height,
            bg="#2b2b2b",
            highlightthickness=0,
            cursor="hand2",
        )
        self._command = command
        self._frac = 0.0
        self._dragging = False
        self.bind("<Configure>", lambda _e: self._redraw())
        self.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self._on_press)
        self.bind("<B1-Motion>", self._on_drag)
        self.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self._on_release)
        self._redraw()

    def _width(self):
        return max(self.winfo_width(), 1)

    def _x_of_frac(self, frac):
        return 4 + frac * (self._width() - 8)

    def _frac_of_event(self, event):
        return min(max((event.x - 4) / max(self._width() - 8, 1), 0.0), 1.0)

    def set_frac(self, frac):
        if not self._dragging:
            self._frac = min(max(frac, 0.0), 1.0)
            self._redraw()

    def _redraw(self):
        self.delete("all")
        width, height = self._width(), max(self.winfo_height(), 1)
        y = height // 2
        self.create_rectangle(2, y - 3, width - 2, y + 3, fill=self.TRACK_COLOR, outline="")
        x = self._x_of_frac(self._frac)
        if x > 4:
            self.create_rectangle(2, y - 3, x, y + 3, fill=self.FILL_COLOR, outline="")
        radius = 6
        self.create_oval(x - radius, y - radius, x + radius, y + radius, fill=self.FILL_COLOR, outline="")

    def _on_press(self, event):
        self._dragging = True
        self._frac = self._frac_of_event(event)
        self._redraw()
        if self._command:
            self._command(self._frac, "start")

    def _on_drag(self, event):
        if not self._dragging:
            return
        self._frac = self._frac_of_event(event)
        self._redraw()
        if self._command:
            self._command(self._frac, "drag")

    def _on_release(self, event):
        if not self._dragging:
            return
        self._dragging = False
        self._frac = self._frac_of_event(event)
        self._redraw()
        if self._command:
            self._command(self._frac, "end")


class MediaPlayerApp(tk.Tk):
    """播放器主窗口。"""

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.title("媒体播放器")
        self.geometry("960x600")
        self.minsize(720, 460)

        self.playlist = []
        self.current_index = -1
        self.volume = 80
        self.rate = 1.0
        self.loop_mode = "list"
        self._seeking = False
        self._switching_until = 0.0
        self._fullscreen = False
        self._muted_volume = None
        self._photo = None

        self.engine = self._create_engine()
        if self.engine is None:
            messagebox.showerror(
                "无法启动",
                "未找到可用的播放内核。\n"
                "请先安装 python-vlc（并安装 VLC 播放器），或安装 pygame。",
            )
            self.destroy()
            return

        self._build_ui()
        self._bind_shortcuts()
        if isinstance(self.engine, PygameEngine):
            self.status_var.set("pygame 音频模式：未检测到 VLC，视频功能不可用")
        elif isinstance(self.engine, AvEngine):
            self.status_var.set("纯 Python 解码内核：无需安装 VLC，可直接播放音视频")
        self._load_playlist()
        self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._on_close)
        self.after(100, self._maybe_embed)
        self.after(200, self._tick)

    def _create_engine(self):
        if vlc is not None:
            try:
                return VlcEngine()
            except Exception as exc:
                print("VLC 内核初始化失败，回退到纯 Python 内核：", exc)
        try:
            return AvEngine()
        except Exception as exc:
            print("纯 Python 内核初始化失败，回退到 pygame：", exc)
        if pygame is not None:
            try:
                return PygameEngine()
            except Exception as exc:
                print("pygame 内核初始化失败：", exc)
        return None

    def _build_ui(self):
        style = ttk.Style(self)
        if "clam" in style.theme_names():
            style.theme_use("clam")

        toolbar = ttk.Frame(self, padding=(8, 8))
        toolbar.pack(fill="x")

        ttk.Button(toolbar, text="打开文件…", command=self.open_files, takefocus=0).pack(side="left", padx=(0, 4))
        ttk.Button(toolbar, text="打开文件夹…", command=self.open_folder, takefocus=0).pack(side="left", padx=(0, 8))

        self.btn_prev = ttk.Button(toolbar, text="上一首", command=self.prev_track, takefocus=0)
        self.btn_prev.pack(side="left", padx=2)
        self.btn_play = ttk.Button(toolbar, text="播放", command=self.toggle_play, width=8, takefocus=0)
        self.btn_play.pack(side="left", padx=2)
        self.btn_stop = ttk.Button(toolbar, text="停止", command=self.stop_playback, takefocus=0)
        self.btn_stop.pack(side="left", padx=2)
        self.btn_next = ttk.Button(toolbar, text="下一首", command=self.next_track, takefocus=0)
        self.btn_next.pack(side="left", padx=(2, 10))

        self.btn_loop = ttk.Button(toolbar, text=LOOP_LABELS[self.loop_mode], command=self.cycle_loop, width=9, takefocus=0)
        self.btn_loop.pack(side="left", padx=2)
        self.btn_speed = ttk.Button(toolbar, text="速度 1x", command=self.cycle_speed, width=9, takefocus=0)
        self.btn_speed.pack(side="left", padx=2)

        ttk.Label(toolbar, text="音量").pack(side="right", padx=(10, 4))
        self.volume_slider = ttk.Scale(
            toolbar,
            from_=0,
            to=100,
            length=110,
            value=self.volume,
            command=self._on_volume_slider,
            takefocus=0,
        )
        self.volume_slider.pack(side="right", padx=(0, 4))

        main = ttk.Frame(self, padding=(8, 0))
        main.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
        main.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        main.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)

        self.video_frame = tk.Frame(main, bg="#101010")
        self.video_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew", padx=(0, 8))
        if isinstance(self.engine, AvEngine):
            self.video_canvas = tk.Canvas(self.video_frame, bg="#101010", highlightthickness=0)
            self.video_canvas.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
        hint_text = "打开文件开始播放\n（视频将显示在此窗口）"
        if not self.engine.EMBEDDABLE:
            hint_text = "打开文件开始播放\n（视频将在独立窗口中显示）"
        self.video_hint = tk.Label(self.video_frame, text=hint_text, bg="#101010", fg="#8a8a8a")
        self.video_hint.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.5, anchor="center")

        side = ttk.Frame(main, width=260)
        side.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
        side.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        side.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        self.listbox = tk.Listbox(
            side,
            activestyle="none",
            selectmode="extended",
            selectbackground="#3f8efc",
            selectforeground="#ffffff",
            exportselection=False,
            highlightthickness=0,
            relief="flat",
        )
        self.listbox.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
        scrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(side, orient="vertical", command=self.listbox.yview)
        scrollbar.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
        self.listbox.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
        self._playlist_menu = tk.Menu(self, tearoff=0)
        self._playlist_menu.add_command(label="播放选中曲目", command=self.play_selected)
        self._playlist_menu.add_separator()
        self._playlist_menu.add_command(label="删除选中曲目", command=self.remove_selected)
        self._playlist_menu.add_command(label="清空播放列表", command=self.clear_playlist)
        if IS_MAC:
            self.listbox.bind("<Button-2>", self._show_playlist_menu)
            self.listbox.bind("<Button-3>", self._show_playlist_menu)
            self.listbox.bind("<Control-Button-1>", self._show_playlist_menu)
        else:
            self.listbox.bind("<Button-3>", self._show_playlist_menu)

        bottom = ttk.Frame(self, padding=(8, 6))
        bottom.pack(fill="x")
        self.seekbar = SeekBar(bottom, command=self._on_seek_command)
        self.seekbar.pack(fill="x")

        self.time_var = tk.StringVar(value="00:00 / --:--")
        self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="就绪 — 打开文件或按 Ctrl+O")
        ttk.Label(bottom, textvariable=self.time_var).pack(side="left", anchor="w")
        ttk.Label(bottom, textvariable=self.status_var, anchor="e").pack(side="right", fill="x", expand=True)

    def _bind_shortcuts(self):
        shortcuts = [
            ("<space>", self._on_space),
            ("<Left>", self._on_left),
            ("<Right>", self._on_right),
            ("<Shift-Left>", lambda _e: self.seek_relative(-SEEK_STEP_BIG)),
            ("<Shift-Right>", lambda _e: self.seek_relative(SEEK_STEP_BIG)),
            ("<Control-Left>", lambda _e: self.prev_track()),
            ("<Control-Right>", lambda _e: self.next_track()),
            ("<Command-Left>", lambda _e: self.prev_track()),
            ("<Command-Right>", lambda _e: self.next_track()),
            ("<Up>", self._on_up),
            ("<Down>", self._on_down),
            ("<m>", lambda _e: self.toggle_mute()),
            ("<M>", lambda _e: self.toggle_mute()),
            ("<Control-o>", lambda _e: self.open_files()),
            ("<Command-o>", lambda _e: self.open_files()),
            ("<Control-Shift-O>", lambda _e: self.open_folder()),
            ("<Command-Shift-O>", lambda _e: self.open_folder()),
            ("<Control-s>", lambda _e: self.stop_playback()),
            ("<Command-s>", lambda _e: self.stop_playback()),
            ("<s>", lambda _e: self.stop_playback()),
            ("<S>", lambda _e: self.stop_playback()),
            ("<n>", lambda _e: self.next_track()),
            ("<N>", lambda _e: self.next_track()),
            ("<p>", lambda _e: self.prev_track()),
            ("<P>", lambda _e: self.prev_track()),
            ("<l>", lambda _e: self.cycle_loop()),
            ("<L>", lambda _e: self.cycle_loop()),
            ("<bracketleft>", lambda _e: self.step_speed(-1)),
            ("<bracketright>", lambda _e: self.step_speed(1)),
            ("<f>", lambda _e: self.toggle_fullscreen()),
            ("<F>", lambda _e: self.toggle_fullscreen()),
            ("<Escape>", lambda _e: self.leave_fullscreen()),
            ("<Delete>", lambda _e: self.remove_selected()),
            ("<Return>", lambda _e: self.play_selected()),
        ]
        for sequence, handler in shortcuts:
            self.bind(sequence, handler)
            self.listbox.bind(sequence, handler)
        self.listbox.bind("<Double-Button-1>", lambda _e: self.play_selected())

    def _on_space(self, _event):
        self.toggle_play()
        return "break"

    def _on_left(self, _event):
        self.seek_relative(-SEEK_STEP)
        return "break"

    def _on_right(self, _event):
        self.seek_relative(SEEK_STEP)
        return "break"

    def _on_up(self, _event):
        self.adjust_volume(5)
        return "break"

    def _on_down(self, _event):
        self.adjust_volume(-5)
        return "break"

    def _maybe_embed(self):
        if self.engine.EMBEDDABLE:
            try:
                self.engine.embed(self.video_frame.winfo_id())
            except Exception:
                pass

    def _tick(self):
        if self.engine is not None:
            for event in self.engine.poll_events():
                if event == "end":
                    self._on_media_end()
                elif event == "error":
                    self.status_var.set("无法播放该文件，请检查文件格式或 VLC 是否已安装")
            img = self.engine.get_frame()
            if img is not None:
                self._show_frame(img)
            pos = self.engine.get_time()
            length = self.engine.get_length()
            if pos >= 0 and not self._seeking:
                self.time_var.set(f"{fmt_time(pos)} / {fmt_time(length)}")
                if length > 0:
                    self.seekbar.set_frac(pos / length)
            playing = self.engine.is_playing()
            self.btn_play.config(text="暂停" if playing else "播放")
        self.after(33, self._tick)

    def _show_frame(self, img):
        if ImageTk is None:
            return
        canvas = getattr(self, "video_canvas", None)
        if canvas is None:
            return
        width = canvas.winfo_width()
        height = canvas.winfo_height()
        if width < 2 or height < 2:
            return
        iw, ih = img.size
        if iw < 1 or ih < 1:
            return
        scale = min(width / iw, height / ih)
        size = (max(1, int(iw * scale)), max(1, int(ih * scale)))
        if size != img.size:
            img = img.resize(size, PILImage.Resampling.BILINEAR)
        self._photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
        canvas.delete("all")
        canvas.create_image(width // 2, height // 2, image=self._photo, anchor="center")

    def open_files(self):
        filetypes = [
            ("媒体文件", " ".join("*" + ext for ext in sorted(SUPPORTED_EXTS))),
            ("所有文件", "*"),
        ]
        paths = filedialog.askopenfilenames(title="选择媒体文件", filetypes=filetypes)
        if paths:
            self.add_paths(list(paths))

    def open_folder(self):
        folder = filedialog.askdirectory(title="选择包含媒体文件的文件夹")
        if folder:
            self.add_paths([folder])

    def add_paths(self, paths):
        start = len(self.playlist)
        added = []
        for item in paths:
            path = Path(item)
            if path.is_dir():
                for child in sorted(path.rglob("*")):
                    if child.is_file() and child.suffix.lower() in SUPPORTED_EXTS:
                        added.append(str(child))
            elif path.is_file() and path.suffix.lower() in SUPPORTED_EXTS:
                added.append(str(path))
        if not added:
            self.status_var.set("所选路径中没有支持的媒体文件")
            return
        self.playlist.extend(added)
        for name in added:
            self.listbox.insert(tk.END, Path(name).name)
        if not self.engine.is_active():
            self.play_index(start)
        else:
            self._update_status()
        self._save_playlist()

    def _playlist_path(self):
        return Path.home() / ".mediaplayer_playlist.json"

    def _save_playlist(self):
        try:
            data = {"playlist": list(self.playlist), "current_index": self.current_index}
            self._playlist_path().write_text(
                json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2), encoding="utf-8"
            )
        except Exception as exc:
            print("保存播放列表失败：", exc)

    def _load_playlist(self):
        path = self._playlist_path()
        if not path.exists():
            return
        try:
            data = json.loads(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
            items = data.get("playlist", [])
        except Exception as exc:
            print("读取播放列表失败：", exc)
            return
        added = []
        for item in items:
            p = Path(item)
            if p.is_file() and p.suffix.lower() in SUPPORTED_EXTS:
                added.append(str(p))
        if not added:
            return
        self.playlist.extend(added)
        for name in added:
            self.listbox.insert(tk.END, Path(name).name)
        saved_index = data.get("current_index", -1)
        if 0 <= saved_index < len(self.playlist):
            self.current_index = saved_index
            self.listbox.selection_set(saved_index)
            self.listbox.see(saved_index)
        msg = f"已恢复上次的播放列表（{len(added)} 个文件）"
        dropped = len(items) - len(added)
        if dropped:
            msg += f"，已忽略 {dropped} 个不存在的文件"
        self.status_var.set(msg)

    def play_index(self, index):
        if not (0 <= index < len(self.playlist)):
            return
        self.current_index = index
        path = self.playlist[index]
        self._switching_until = time.monotonic() + 0.8
        if self.engine.EMBEDDABLE:
            try:
                self.engine.embed(self.video_frame.winfo_id())
            except Exception:
                pass
        try:
            ok = self.engine.play(path)
        except Exception:
            ok = False
        if not ok:
            self.status_var.set(f"无法播放：{Path(path).name}")
            return
        self.listbox.selection_clear(0, tk.END)
        self.listbox.selection_set(index)
        self.listbox.see(index)
        if Path(path).suffix.lower() in VIDEO_EXTS and self.engine.EMBEDDABLE:
            self.video_hint.place_forget()
        else:
            self.video_hint.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.5, anchor="center")
        self.title(f"{Path(path).name} — 媒体播放器")
        self._update_status()
        self._save_playlist()

    def toggle_play(self):
        if not self.playlist:
            self.open_files()
            return
        if not self.engine.is_active():
            self.play_index(self.current_index if self.current_index >= 0 else 0)
            return
        self.engine.toggle_pause()
        self._update_status()

    def stop_playback(self):
        self.engine.stop()
        self._seeking = False
        self.time_var.set("00:00 / --:--")
        self.seekbar.set_frac(0.0)
        self.btn_play.config(text="播放")
        canvas = getattr(self, "video_canvas", None)
        if canvas is not None:
            canvas.delete("all")
        self._photo = None
        self.video_hint.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.5, anchor="center")
        self._update_status()

    def next_track(self):
        if not self.playlist:
            self.open_files()
            return
        self.play_index((self.current_index + 1) % len(self.playlist))

    def prev_track(self):
        if not self.playlist:
            self.open_files()
            return
        self.play_index((self.current_index - 1) % len(self.playlist))

    def seek_relative(self, seconds):
        pos = self.engine.get_time()
        if pos < 0:
            return
        self.seek_to(pos + seconds * 1000)

    def seek_to(self, ms):
        ms = max(0, int(ms))
        if not self.engine.seek(ms):
            self.status_var.set("当前文件格式不支持定位")

    def _on_seek_command(self, frac, phase):
        length = self.engine.get_length()
        if length <= 0:
            return
        target = int(frac * length)
        if phase in ("start", "drag"):
            self._seeking = True
            self.time_var.set(f"{fmt_time(target)} / {fmt_time(length)}")
        else:
            self._seeking = False
            self.seek_to(target)

    def adjust_volume(self, delta):
        self.volume = max(0, min(100, self.volume + delta))
        self.volume_slider.set(self.volume)
        self.engine.set_volume(self.volume)
        if self.volume > 0:
            self._muted_volume = None
        self._update_status()

    def _on_volume_slider(self, value):
        self.volume = max(0, min(100, int(float(value))))
        self.engine.set_volume(self.volume)
        if self.volume > 0:
            self._muted_volume = None
        self._update_status()

    def toggle_mute(self):
        if self.volume > 0:
            self._muted_volume = self.volume
            self.adjust_volume(-self.volume)
        else:
            self.adjust_volume(self._muted_volume or 80)

    def cycle_loop(self):
        order = ["off", "one", "list"]
        self.loop_mode = order[(order.index(self.loop_mode) + 1) % len(order)]
        self.btn_loop.config(text=LOOP_LABELS[self.loop_mode])
        self._update_status()

    def cycle_speed(self):
        self.step_speed(1)

    def step_speed(self, direction):
        if not getattr(self.engine, "supports_rate", True):
            self.status_var.set("当前播放内核不支持变速")
            return
        index = SPEED_PRESETS.index(self.rate) if self.rate in SPEED_PRESETS else SPEED_PRESETS.index(1.0)
        index = (index + direction) % len(SPEED_PRESETS)
        self.rate = SPEED_PRESETS[index]
        self.engine.set_rate(self.rate)
        self.btn_speed.config(text=f"速度 {self.rate:g}x")
        self._update_status()

    def toggle_fullscreen(self):
        self._fullscreen = not self._fullscreen
        if isinstance(self.engine, AvEngine):
            self.attributes("-fullscreen", self._fullscreen)
        else:
            self.engine.set_fullscreen(self._fullscreen)

    def leave_fullscreen(self):
        self._fullscreen = False
        if isinstance(self.engine, AvEngine):
            self.attributes("-fullscreen", False)
        else:
            self.engine.set_fullscreen(False)

    def play_selected(self):
        selection = self.listbox.curselection()
        if selection:
            self.play_index(selection[0])

    def remove_selected(self):
        selection = list(self.listbox.curselection())
        if not selection:
            return
        if self.current_index in selection:
            self.engine.stop()
            self.current_index = -1
        for index in reversed(selection):
            self.playlist.pop(index)
            self.listbox.delete(index)
        self._update_status()
        self._save_playlist()

    def _show_playlist_menu(self, event):
        has_selection = bool(self.listbox.curselection())
        self._playlist_menu.entryconfig("播放选中曲目", state="normal" if has_selection else "disabled")
        self._playlist_menu.entryconfig("删除选中曲目", state="normal" if has_selection else "disabled")
        try:
            self._playlist_menu.tk_popup(event.x_root, event.y_root)
        finally:
            self._playlist_menu.grab_release()

    def clear_playlist(self):
        if not self.playlist:
            return
        if not messagebox.askyesno("清空播放列表", "确定要清空整个播放列表吗？"):
            return
        self.stop_playback()
        self.playlist.clear()
        self.listbox.delete(0, tk.END)
        self.current_index = -1
        self._save_playlist()
        self.status_var.set("播放列表已清空")

    def _update_status(self):
        parts = [f"循环：{LOOP_LABELS[self.loop_mode].split(':')[1].strip()}"]
        parts.append(f"速度 {self.rate:g}x")
        parts.append(f"音量 {self.volume}")
        if isinstance(self.engine, PygameEngine):
            parts.append("pygame 音频模式（未检测到 VLC，视频不可用）")
        elif isinstance(self.engine, AvEngine):
            parts.append("纯 Python 解码内核（无需 VLC）")
        if 0 <= self.current_index < len(self.playlist):
            name = Path(self.playlist[self.current_index]).name
            total = len(self.playlist)
            parts.insert(0, f"正在播放：{name}（第 {self.current_index + 1}/{total} 首）")
        self.status_var.set("｜".join(parts))

    def _on_media_end(self):
        if time.monotonic() < self._switching_until:
            return
        if not self.playlist or not self.engine.is_active():
            return
        if self.loop_mode == "one":
            self.play_index(self.current_index)
            return
        next_index = self.current_index + 1
        if next_index < len(self.playlist):
            self.play_index(next_index)
        elif self.loop_mode == "list":
            self.play_index(0)
        else:
            self.stop_playback()
            self.status_var.set("播放结束")

    def _on_close(self):
        self._save_playlist()
        self.engine.release()
        self.destroy()


def main():
    app = MediaPlayerApp()
    if app.engine is None:
        return
    if sys.argv[1:]:
        app.add_paths(sys.argv[1:])
    app.mainloop()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()